MersV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 001236

Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3' end formation

Identifieur interne : 001236 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001235; suivant : 001237

Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3' end formation

Auteurs : Rippei Hayashi [Autriche] ; Jakob Schnabl [Autriche] ; Dominik Handler [Autriche] ; Fabio Mohn [Suisse] ; Stefan L. Ameres [Autriche] ; Julius Brennecke [Autriche]

Source :

Nature [ 0028-0836 ] ; 2016.

RBID : PMC:5164936

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- ARN guide (métabolisme), Animaux, Cytoplasme (métabolisme), Drosophila melanogaster (enzymologie), Drosophila melanogaster (génétique), Drosophila melanogaster (métabolisme), Endoribonucleases (déficit), Endoribonucleases (métabolisme), Exoribonucleases (déficit), Exoribonucleases (métabolisme), Facteurs initiation chaîne peptidique (métabolisme), Femelle, Maturation post-transcriptionnelle des ARN, Petit ARN interférent (), Petit ARN interférent (biosynthèse), Petit ARN interférent (génétique), Petit ARN interférent (métabolisme), Protéines Argonaute (métabolisme), Protéines de Drosophila (déficit), Protéines de Drosophila (métabolisme), Protéines nucléaires (métabolisme), Transcription génétique.
MESH :
- biosynthèse : Petit ARN interférent.
- déficit : Endoribonucleases, Exoribonucleases, Protéines de Drosophila.
- enzymologie : Drosophila melanogaster.
- génétique : Drosophila melanogaster, Petit ARN interférent.
- métabolisme : ARN guide, Cytoplasme, Drosophila melanogaster, Endoribonucleases, Exoribonucleases, Facteurs initiation chaîne peptidique, Petit ARN interférent, Protéines Argonaute, Protéines de Drosophila, Protéines nucléaires.
- Animaux, Femelle, Maturation post-transcriptionnelle des ARN, Petit ARN interférent, Transcription génétique.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animals, Argonaute Proteins (metabolism), Cytoplasm (metabolism), Drosophila Proteins (deficiency), Drosophila Proteins (metabolism), Drosophila melanogaster (enzymology), Drosophila melanogaster (genetics), Drosophila melanogaster (metabolism), Endoribonucleases (deficiency), Endoribonucleases (metabolism), Exoribonucleases (deficiency), Exoribonucleases (metabolism), Female, Nuclear Proteins (metabolism), Peptide Initiation Factors (metabolism), RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, RNA, Guide (metabolism), RNA, Small Interfering (biosynthesis), RNA, Small Interfering (chemistry), RNA, Small Interfering (genetics), RNA, Small Interfering (metabolism), Transcription, Genetic.
MESH :
- chemical , biosynthesis : RNA, Small Interfering.
- chemical , chemistry : RNA, Small Interfering.
- chemical , deficiency : Drosophila Proteins, Endoribonucleases, Exoribonucleases.
- chemical , genetics : RNA, Small Interfering.
- chemical , metabolism : Argonaute Proteins, Drosophila Proteins, Endoribonucleases, Exoribonucleases, Nuclear Proteins, Peptide Initiation Factors, RNA, Guide, RNA, Small Interfering.
- enzymology : Drosophila melanogaster.
- genetics : Drosophila melanogaster.
- metabolism : Cytoplasm, Drosophila melanogaster.
- Animals, Female, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, Transcription, Genetic.

Abstract

Small regulatory RNAs guide Argonaute (Ago) proteins in a sequence-specific manner to their targets and thereby play important roles in eukaryotic gene silencing1. Of the three small RNA classes, microRNAs and siRNAs are processed from double-stranded precursors into defined 21- to 23-mers by Dicer, an endoribonuclease with intrinsic ruler function. piRNAs—the 22-30 nt long guides for PIWI-clade Ago proteins that silence transposons in animal gonads—are generated Dicer-independently from single-stranded precursors2,3. piRNA 5' ends are defined either by Zucchini, a mitochondria-anchored endonuclease4,5, or by piRNA-guided target cleavage6,7. Formation of piRNA 3' ends is poorly understood. Here, we find that two genetically and mechanistically distinct pathways generate piRNA 3' ends in Drosophila. The initiating nucleases are either Zucchini or the PIWI-clade proteins Aubergine (Aub)/Ago3. While Zucchini-mediated cleavages directly define mature piRNA 3' ends8,9, Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavages liberate pre-piRNAs that require extensive resection by the 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease Nibbler/Mut-710–13. The relative activity of these two pathways dictates the extent to which piRNAs are fueled into cytoplasmic or nuclear PIWI-clade proteins and thereby sets the balance between post-transcriptional and transcriptional silencing. Strikingly, loss of both Zucchini and Nibbler reveals a minimal, Argonaute-driven small RNA biogenesis pathway where piRNA 5' and 3' ends are directly produced by closely spaced Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavage events. Our data establish a coherent blueprint for piRNA biogenesis, and set the stage for the mechanistic dissection of the processes that govern piRNA 3' end formation.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5164936

DOI: 10.1038/nature20162
PubMed: 27851737
PubMed Central: 5164936

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<term>Argonaute Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Cytoplasm (metabolism)</term>
<term>Drosophila Proteins (deficiency)</term>
<term>Drosophila Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (enzymology)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (genetics)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (metabolism)</term>
<term>Endoribonucleases (deficiency)</term>
<term>Endoribonucleases (metabolism)</term>
<term>Exoribonucleases (deficiency)</term>
<term>Exoribonucleases (metabolism)</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Nuclear Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Peptide Initiation Factors (metabolism)</term>
<term>RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional</term>
<term>RNA, Guide (metabolism)</term>
<term>RNA, Small Interfering (biosynthesis)</term>
<term>RNA, Small Interfering (chemistry)</term>
<term>RNA, Small Interfering (genetics)</term>
<term>RNA, Small Interfering (metabolism)</term>
<term>Transcription, Genetic</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>ARN guide (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Animaux</term>
<term>Cytoplasme (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (enzymologie)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (génétique)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Endoribonucleases (déficit)</term>
<term>Endoribonucleases (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Exoribonucleases (déficit)</term>
<term>Exoribonucleases (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Facteurs initiation chaîne peptidique (métabolisme)</term>
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<term>Maturation post-transcriptionnelle des ARN</term>
<term>Petit ARN interférent ()</term>
<term>Petit ARN interférent (biosynthèse)</term>
<term>Petit ARN interférent (génétique)</term>
<term>Petit ARN interférent (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Protéines Argonaute (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Protéines de Drosophila (déficit)</term>
<term>Protéines de Drosophila (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Protéines nucléaires (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Transcription génétique</term>
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<term>Endoribonucleases</term>
<term>Exoribonucleases</term>
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<term>Drosophila Proteins</term>
<term>Endoribonucleases</term>
<term>Exoribonucleases</term>
<term>Nuclear Proteins</term>
<term>Peptide Initiation Factors</term>
<term>RNA, Guide</term>
<term>RNA, Small Interfering</term>
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<term>Protéines de Drosophila</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymology" xml:lang="en"><term>Drosophila melanogaster</term>
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<term>Drosophila melanogaster</term>
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<term>Exoribonucleases</term>
<term>Facteurs initiation chaîne peptidique</term>
<term>Petit ARN interférent</term>
<term>Protéines Argonaute</term>
<term>Protéines de Drosophila</term>
<term>Protéines nucléaires</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional</term>
<term>Transcription, Genetic</term>
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<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Maturation post-transcriptionnelle des ARN</term>
<term>Petit ARN interférent</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Small regulatory RNAs guide Argonaute (Ago) proteins in a sequence-specific manner to their targets and thereby play important roles in eukaryotic gene silencing<xref rid="R1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref>
. Of the three small RNA classes, microRNAs and siRNAs are processed from double-stranded precursors into defined 21- to 23-mers by Dicer, an endoribonuclease with intrinsic ruler function. piRNAs—the 22-30 nt long guides for PIWI-clade Ago proteins that silence transposons in animal gonads—are generated Dicer-independently from single-stranded precursors<xref rid="R2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref>
,<xref rid="R3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>
. piRNA 5' ends are defined either by Zucchini, a mitochondria-anchored endonuclease<xref rid="R4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref>
,<xref rid="R5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref>
, or by piRNA-guided target cleavage<xref rid="R6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref>
,<xref rid="R7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref>
. Formation of piRNA 3' ends is poorly understood. Here, we find that two genetically and mechanistically distinct pathways generate piRNA 3' ends in <italic>Drosophila</italic>
. The initiating nucleases are either Zucchini or the PIWI-clade proteins Aubergine (Aub)/Ago3. While Zucchini-mediated cleavages directly define mature piRNA 3' ends<xref rid="R8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref>
,<xref rid="R9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref>
, Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavages liberate pre-piRNAs that require extensive resection by the 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease Nibbler/Mut-7<xref rid="R10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref>
–<xref rid="R13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref>
. The relative activity of these two pathways dictates the extent to which piRNAs are fueled into cytoplasmic or nuclear PIWI-clade proteins and thereby sets the balance between post-transcriptional and transcriptional silencing. Strikingly, loss of both Zucchini and Nibbler reveals a minimal, Argonaute-driven small RNA biogenesis pathway where piRNA 5' and 3' ends are directly produced by closely spaced Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavage events. Our data establish a coherent blueprint for piRNA biogenesis, and set the stage for the mechanistic dissection of the processes that govern piRNA 3' end formation.</p>
</div>
</front>
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Serveur d'exploration MERS

Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3' end formation

Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3' end formation

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